Is Change Possible And If So Where Is The Research?
Below is a summary of research and leading voices—particularly from the work published in the Journal of Human Sexuality (produced by The Alliance for Therapeutic Choice and Scientific Integrity)—that give hope to individuals who repent of homosexual behavior and are seeking to experience sexual orientation change toward a holy and heterosexual life in Jesus Christ. The following points reflect the viewpoint and findings reported by the Journal of Human Sexuality and related authors who emphasize the possibility of change. Note that research is sometimes clinical and not associated with Pastoral care or religious practices, unless otherwise specified, but we recommend well grounded compassionate pastoral care in all situations.
1) Historical and Contemporary Studies Indicating Change is Possible
• Early Meta-Analyses
– Clippinger (1974) surveyed 785 individuals who underwent therapy for unwanted homosexuality. Approximately 40% reported significant improvement toward heterosexuality or partial shifts in that direction.
– E. C. James (1978) reviewed multiple studies published before 1978. She concluded that about 35% of those seeking change reported shifting to heterosexual adaptation, 27% experienced partial improvement, and 37% saw no change. Though older, these meta-analyses remain frequently cited within the Journal of Human Sexuality to indicate that some individuals report meaningful degrees of change.
• Spitzer Study (2003)
– Psychiatrist Dr. Robert Spitzer published a controversial study in the Archives of Sexual Behavior with 200 participants who reported shifting from homosexual to heterosexual functioning. Many described a significant decrease in same-sex desires and an increase in opposite-sex attractions.
– While the study generated debate and Spitzer later expressed some personal regret about how it was used, it remains a key point of reference for those asserting that sexual orientation change is possible for some individuals.
• Jones and Yarhouse (2007, 2011)
– These Christian researchers conducted longitudinal studies on individuals pursuing “religiously mediated change” (often involving pastoral counseling or faith-based programs). They reported that some participants achieved notable shifts in their attractions and behaviors over time, while others reported more moderate changes or remained stable in a heterosexual marriage with reduced same-sex attraction.
– They also noted that some participants did not experience change; however, they emphasized that no large-scale “harm” was documented for those who voluntarily pursued change with professional or pastoral support.
• Whitehead and Whitehead (“My Genes Made Me Do It?”)
– In the Journal of Human Sexuality, references are often made to Neil and Briar Whitehead’s work, which critiques the “born that way” narrative. They highlight genetic and twin studies (e.g., Bailey & Pillard, Bearman & Bruckner) showing that identical twins do not inevitably share the same homosexual orientation. This undermines the claim of a strictly biological determinism and opens the door to the possibility of change—both spontaneous and intentional.
2) Leading Professional Voices Advocating for the Possibility of Change
• Alliance for Therapeutic Choice and Scientific Integrity (ATCSI), Editor and Board
– Formerly known as NARTH (National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality), this organization promotes exploration of sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE). Their Board of Directors includes mental health professionals who have penned articles on the fluidity of sexuality and the benefits (and ethics) of offering talk therapy for those seeking to reduce same-sex attractions. They have developed the SAFE-T model for therapy.
• Dr. Joseph Nicolosi
– A late founder of NARTH and a key proponent of reparative therapy. While his approach remains controversial in mainstream psychology, Nicolosi’s multiple publications documented case studies and clinical practices describing partial or substantial reductions in same-sex desire among motivated clients. I (Daren) have read his Shame And Attachment Loss book (recently banned in 2019 by Amazon) and found it very insightful, my wife even admitting my own lived experience was the textbook example documented.
• Dr. Dean Byrd
– Another author frequently cited in the Journal of Human Sexuality, promoting the idea that unwanted same-sex attractions can be addressed through therapy that integrates a client’s religious convictions. Byrd advocated an empathetic, non-coercive therapy model that respects self-determination.
• Dr. Christopher Rosik
– A psychologist and regular contributor to the Journal of Human Sexuality who has written about ethical principles in providing therapy to persons with unwanted same-sex attractions, and the importance of respecting a client’s faith-based goals.
3) Key Research Findings Supporting That Change Efforts Can Be Healthy
- Sexual Orientation Can Be Fluid for Some
– Both secular (e.g., Diamond, 2008) and faith-based researchers note that sexuality can shift over time due to various life events, personal decisions, or counseling interventions. The Journal of Human Sexuality underscores that individuals who are not exclusively homosexual or who experience some heterosexual inclinations may expand upon those inclinations with proper guidance and support. Visit https://bit.ly/LDExplains01 to view a quick video. - Therapy Approaches that Align with Faith Can Be Supportive
– Studies collected in the Journal of Human Sexuality suggest that counseling that respects a client’s moral values and religious beliefs can yield positive mental health outcomes. Clients often report decreased depression and anxiety as they reconcile their faith with their goals for overcoming sinful behaviors (including homosexual behavior, from a Christian perspective). - Empirical Evidence of Improved Heterosexual Functioning
– Both anecdotal testimonies and some formal research indicate that a subset of highly motivated individuals report developing functional heterosexual relationships, sometimes including marriage and children. Improvements vary widely but can include reduced same-sex fantasies, increased opposite-sex attractions, and enhanced overall well-being. - Importance of Professional and Pastoral Care
– The Journal of Human Sexuality consistently emphasizes that an integrated approach—therapy plus spiritual discipleship—tends to offer the best results. Pastoral or church-based support provides prayer, accountability, and teaching on repentance, while therapy addresses underlying emotional wounds or distorted thought patterns. - Lack of Evidence for Widespread Harm among Voluntary Seekers
– Proponents in the Journal of Human Sexuality debate claims that all SOCE is universally harmful. While acknowledging that poorly conducted interventions can be detrimental, these authors maintain that many clients who voluntarily seek change and work with ethical, compassionate therapists do not consistently report negative outcomes.
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Concluding Thoughts
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From a Christian worldview perspective these findings are interpreted through the lens that with God’s power, genuine transformation is possible. The Journal of Human Sexuality points to historical and contemporary studies, personal testimonies, and certain twin/biological research as evidence that sexual orientation is neither fully fixed nor purely genetic. They argue that real people have experienced shifts in their attractions, supported by pastoral care, discipleship, and (in some cases) appropriate therapeutic interventions.
Practical Takeaways:
• Seek a biblically grounded pastor or counselor who respects your faith and desire to leave homosexuality and believes in sanctifying power of God to change us.
• Combine prayer, discipleship, and trauma-informed counseling if needed.
• Understand that reported outcomes vary—some see significant change, some modest change—and success can include deeper spiritual peace, lessening of same-sex fantasies, and/or growth in heterosexual desire.
While you will find debate in the larger mental health community, the Journal of Human Sexuality’s perspective is that clinically guided, faith-affirming help can be beneficial and, for some, transformative. If you believe God is calling you to this path, these resources may encourage you as you seek to live in obedience to Christ.